Columbia Metropolitan magazine is proud to present the Midlands doctors named to the 2011 Best Doctors in America list. This list is provided to us exclusively from Best Doctors, Inc., a 21-year-old company founded by doctors affiliated with Harvard Medical School.
Every two years, Best Doctors, Inc., contacts physicians in the Columbia area who have been included on previous Best Doctors lists and asks, “If you or a loved one needed a doctor in your specialty, to whom would you refer them?” Those doctors who withstand the company’s vetting process are then added to the list. No one pays Columbia Metropolitan or Best Doctors, Inc. to be included.
In addition to the list, you’ll find special advertising profiles, where some of the doctors named to the list have provided more information about themselves and their practices. We hope you’ll find all of this information to be invaluable when searching for doctors and practices to fill your medical needs.
Click here to view the profiles that appeared in the November 2011 issue of Columbia Metropolitan.
Allergy and Immunology
Lisa Slatton Hutto
Palmetto Allergy and Asthma
Nine Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 430
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 765-9435
Lawrence Stanley Weiner
Carolina Allergy and Asthma Consultants
One Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 200
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 765-9233
Anesthesiology
Vincent J. Degenhart
Critical Health System
1410 Blanding Street, Suite One
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 254-2394
Paul David Eckenbrecht
Palmetto Health Richland
Department of Anesthesiology
Five Richland Medical Park Drive
Columbia, SC 29202
Phone: (803) 434-6151
Satish M. Prabhu
Critical Health System
1410 Blanding Street, Suite One
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 254-2394
Cardiovascular Disease
H. Wade Collins III
Columbia Heart Clinic
Eight Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-6511
Amy Rawl Epps
Columbia Cardiology
131 Sunset Court
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 744-4910
Barry J. Feldman
Lexington Heart Clinic
120 West Hospital Drive
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 739-6500
Jennifer Feldman
Lexington Heart Clinic
120 West Hospital Drive
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 739-6500
C. W. Hendricks
Columbia Heart Clinic
Eight Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-6511
William Joseph Hollins
Columbia Heart Clinic
Eight Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-6511
Christie Benet Hopkins
William Jennings Bryan Dorn VA Medical Center
Department of Internal Medicine
6439 Garners Ferry Road
Columbia, SC 29209
Phone: (803) 776-4000
Benjamin Richard Jones
Columbia Heart Clinic
Eight Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-6511
Robert Allison Schulze, Jr.
Columbia Heart Clinic
Eight Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-6511
Critical Care Medicine
Raymond Bynoe
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Surgery
Two Medical Park Drive, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-2657
Dermatology
Jim C. Chow
Columbia Skin Clinic
Three Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 500
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 779-7316
Pierre G. Jaffe
One Medical Park Drive, Suite 240
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-6648
Lee T. Jordan
The Dermatology Group
1709 Barnwell Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 254-3376
Endocrinology and Metabolism
James R. Brennan
Laurel Endocrine and Thyroid Specialists
1740 Saint Julian Place
Columbia, SC 29204
Phone: (803) 256-3534
Tu Lin
University of South Carolina
University Specialty Clinics
Division of Endocrinology
Two Medical Park Drive, Suite 502
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 540-1000
Family Medicine
Tisha Boston
Senior Primary Care Practice at Palmetto Health Richland
3010 Farrow Road, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-1210
Robert Callis
Lexington Family Practice Irmo
7037 St. Andrews Road
Columbia, SC 29212
Phone: (803) 732-0963
Brian Cline
Lexington Family Practice
76 Polo Road
Columbia, SC 29223
Phone: (803) 699-7259
William Crigler
Saluda Pointe Family Medicine
3630 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 239-1600
Gerald Fishman
Irmo Medical Park
Harbison Medical Associates
7033 St. Andrews Road, Suite 205
Columbia, SC 29212
Phone: (803) 749-1155
Rodney Fitzgibbon II
Northeast Family Practice
3000 Northeast Medical Park, Suite 209
Columbia, SC 29223
Phone: (803) 736-6262
Robert Erik Hartvigsen
115 Blarney Drive
Columbia, SC 29223
Phone: (803) 736-0731
Rutkamar Jani
Spring Valley Family Practice
229 Longtown Road
Columbia, SC 29229
Phone: (803) 419-4949
Scott Lamar
Palmetto Health Richland
Department of Family Medicine
3209 Colonial Drive
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-6113
Margaret Matthews
Senior Primary Care Practice at Palmetto Health Richland
3010 Farrow Road, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-1210
Tan J. Platt
Palmetto Health Richland
Department of Family Medicine
3209 Colonial Drive
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-6113
Sarah Schumacher
Senior Primary Care
190 Parkridge Drive, Suite G100
Columbia, SC 29212
Phone: (803) 434-4700
Geriatric Medicine
John A. Frutchey
William Jennings Bryan Dorn VA Medical Center
Geriatric Extended Care Services
6439 Garners Ferry Road
Columbia, SC 29209
Phone: (803) 776-4000
Victor Hirth
Senior Primary Care Practice at Palmetto Health Richland
3010 Farrow Road, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-1210
Margaret Matthews
Senior Primary Care Practice at Palmetto Health Richland
3010 Farrow Road, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-1210
Geriatric Medicine/Hospice and Palliative Medicine
Charles D. Petit
Senior Primary Care Practice at Palmetto Health Richland
Carolina Medical Plaza
3010 Farrow Road
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-1210
Hand Surgery
Michael R. Ugino
Midlands Orthopaedics
1910 Blanding Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 256-4107
Infectious Disease
Charles S. Bryan
Providence Hospital
Department of Infectious Disease
2435 Forest Drive
Columbia, SC 29204
Phone: (803) 256-5300
Internal Medicine
Shawn Chillag
University of South Carolina
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Internal Medicine
Two Medical Park Drive, Suite 501
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 540-1000
Victor Hirth
Senior Primary Care Practice at Palmetto Health Richland
3010 Farrow Road, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-1210
Ruben Luther Mayer
Columbia Medical Group
4540 Trenholm Road
Columbia, SC 29206
Phone: (803) 790-4700
Caroline Powell
University of South Carolina
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Internal Medicine
Two Medical Park Drive, Suite 501
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 540-1000
M. Shawn Stinson
University of South Carolina
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Internal Medicine
Two Medical Park Drive, Suite 501
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 540-1000
Matthew Wisdom
Senior Primary Care Practice
at Palmetto Health Richland
3010 Farrow Road, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29209
Phone: (803) 434-1210
Medical Oncology and Hematology
William Harry Babcock
South Carolina Oncology Associates
166 Stoneridge Drive
Columbia, SC 29210
Phone: (803) 461-3000
Phillip Eugene Baldwin
South Carolina Oncology Associates
166 Stoneridge Drive
Columbia, SC 29210
Phone: (803) 461-3000
William Manion Butler
South Carolina Oncology Associates
166 Stoneridge Drive
Columbia, SC 29210
Phone: (803) 461-3000
Steven Allan Madden
Lexington Oncology Associates
2728 Sunset Boulevard, Suite 402
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 794-7511
Leland Joseph McElveen
South Carolina Oncology Associates
166 Stoneridge Drive
Columbia, SC 29210
Phone: (803) 461-3000
Robert Ernest Smith, Jr.
South Carolina Oncology Associates
166 Stoneridge Drive
Columbia, SC 29210
Phone: (803) 461-3000
Neurological Surgery
Scott B. Boyd
Columbia Neurosurgical Associates
132 Sunset Court
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 794-3700
Burke H. Dial
University of South Carolina
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Neurosurgery
Three Medical Park Drive, Suite 310
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-8323
James R. Howe
University of South Carolina
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Neurosurgery
Three Medical Park Drive, Suite 310
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-8323
Neurology
James (John) E. Carnes
South Carolina Neurological Clinic
1333 Taylor Street, Suite 1C
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 254-6391
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Judith Thompson Burgis
USC School of Medicine
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Two Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 208
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 779-4928
Myles Davis
Columbia Women’s Healthcare
1301 Taylor Street, Suite 6J
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 254-3230
Sharon I. Eden
Women Physicians Associates
Nine Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 620
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 779-6776
Lilly S. Filler
Women Physicians Associates
Nine Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 620
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 779-6776
Mark Salley
South Carolina ObGyn
1333 Taylor Street, Suite 2D
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 254-1300
John Schnorr
Southeastern Fertility Center
1410 Blanding Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (843) 881-3900
Charles Frederick Shipley III
Women’s Health and Diagnostic Center
Lexington Medical Park One
2728 Sunset Boulevard, Suite 106
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 936-7420
Sidney Terrell Smith
South Carolina Oncology Associates
166 Stoneridge Drive
Columbia, SC 29210
Phone: (803) 461-3000
George W. Watt
Medical Park ObGyn
Lexington Medical Park One
2728 Sunset Boulevard, Suite 103
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 936-7430
Gail F. Whitman-Elia
Advanced Fertility and Reproductive Endocrinology Institute
2728 Sunset Boulevard, Suite 305
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 939-1515
Ophthalmology
William Cain, Jr.
Columbia Eye Clinic
1920 Pickens Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 779-3070
James B. Dickson
Eye Consultants
1410 Blanding Street, Suite 200
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 799-9919
Jeffrey G. Gross
Carolina Retina Center
7620 Trenholm Road Extension
Columbia, SC 29223
Phone: (803) 736-7200
Orthopaedic Surgery
Kim John Chillag
Moore Orthopaedic Clinic
14 Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 200
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 227-8000
Michael C. Tucker
Palmetto Health Richland
Three Medical Park Drive, Suite 330
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-6958
Otolaryngology
Alan Howard Brill
Midland Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic
Three Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 130
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 744-7770
William C. Giles
CENTA Medical Group
Nine Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 510
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-2483
Pathology
William R. Armstrong
Pathology Associates of Lexington
2720 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 791-2410
John B. Carter
Pathology Associates of Lexington
2720 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 791-2410
Beverly W. Daniel
Pathology Associates of Lexington
2720 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 791-2410
Ervin B. Shaw
Pathology Associates of Lexington
2720 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 791-2410
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
Lawrence Stanley Weiner
Carolina Allergy and Asthma Consultants
One Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 200
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 765-9233
Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Janice Lynne Bacon
Women’s Health and Diagnostic Center
Lexington Medical Park One, Suite 106
2728 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 936-7420
Judith Thompson Burgis
USC School of Medicine
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Two Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 208
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 779-4928
Pediatric Anesthesiology
Larry J. Frazier
Palmetto Health Richland
Department of Anesthesiology
Five Richland Medical Park Drive
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-6151
Christopher A. Yeakel
Palmetto Health Richland
Department of Anesthesiology
Five Richland Medical Park Drive
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-6151
Pediatric Cardiology
Claudius Osborne Shuler III
University Specialty Clinics
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Nine Medical Park Drive, Suite 110
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-7940
Matthew Wienecke
University Specialty Clinics
Division of Pediatric Cardiology
Nine Medical Park Drive, Suite 110
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-7940
Pediatric Critical Care
Greta S. Harper
Palmetto Health Richland
Department of Pediatric Critical Care
Nine Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 530
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-4603
Robert D. Hubbird
Palmetto Health Richland
Department of Pediatric Critical Care
Nine Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 110
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-4603
Pediatric Hematology-Oncology
Kevin Paul McRedmond
Palmetto Health Richland
Children’s Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders
Seven Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 7215
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-3533
Pediatric Ophthalmology
Robert North
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Ophthalmology
Four Medical Park, Suite 100
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-6836
Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery
Fred Piehl
Midlands Orthopaedics
1910 Blanding Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 256-4107
Pediatric Otolaryngology
Frederick Tatum Garner
Carolina Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Associates
2016 Sumter Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 744-2700
William C. Giles
CENTA Medical Group
Nine Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 510
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-2483
Pediatric Pulmonology
Daniel C. Brown
University Pediatrics Pulmonology
Nine Medical Park Drive, Suite 505
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-2505
Pediatric Specialist/Abused Children
Susan Breeland Ryan-Luberoff
Assessment and Resource Center
Wilson Building
1800 Colonial Drive
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 898-1470
Pediatric Specialist/Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Patrick T. Butterfield
Columbia Area Mental Health Center
2715 Colonial Drive, Suite 100B
Columbia, SC 29240
Phone: (803) 898-4893
Clyde H. Flanagan, Jr.
USC School of Medicine
Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science
3555 Harden Street Extension, Suite 141
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-4248
Craig Stuck
USC School of Medicine
Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science
15 Medical Park Drive, Suite 141
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-4000
Pediatric Specialist/Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Victor Iskersky
Palmetto Health Richland
Department of Neonatology
Five Richland Medical Park Drive
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-6392
Pediatric Urology
Jeffrey T. Ehreth
Palmetto Children’s Urology
Nine Richland Medical Park Drive, Suite 420
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-2833
Pediatrics/General
Teresa N. Baggett
Palmetto Pediatrics
74 Polo Road
Columbia, SC 29223
Phone: (803) 788-4886
Susan Montgomery Claytor
Medical Park Pediatrics
120 Highland Center Drive, Suite 100
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 788-0577
Deborah Marie Greenhouse
Palmetto Pediatrics
3250 Harden Street Extension, Suite 100
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 779-4001
Kay Lillard Moore
Palmetto Pediatric & Adolescent Clinic
16 Woodcross Drive
Columbia, SC 29212
Phone: (803) 732-0140
John A. Rider
Carolina Pediatrics and Adolescent Care
7033 St. Andrews Road, Suite 103
Columbia, SC 29212
Phone: (803) 376-2838
Pediatrics/Hospital Medicine
James Rast Stallworth
USC School of Medicine
Division of General Pediatrics
14 Medical Park Drive, Suite 400
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-7945
Plastic Surgery
Peter Carleton Haines
The Center for Plastic Surgery
7033 St. Andrews Road, Suite 204
Columbia, SC 29212
Phone: (803) 732-5788
Psychiatry
James G. Bouknight
Baptist Hospital
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry
1330 Taylor Marion Road
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 434-4813
Patrick T. Butterfield
Columbia Area Mental Health Center
2715 Colonial Drive, Suite 100B
Columbia, SC 29240
Phone: (803) 898-4893
Clyde H. Flanagan, Jr.
USC School of Medicine
Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science
3555 Harden Street Extension, Suite 141
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-4248
Richard Frierson
USC School of Medicine
Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science
15 Medical Park, Suite 301
3555 Harden Street Extension
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-2808
Lynn Hunter Hackett
William Jennings Bryan Dorn
VA Medical Center
Psychiatry Service (116)
6439 Garners Ferry Road
Columbia, SC 29209
Phone: (803) 776-4000
Angela Dauby Harper
Comprehensive Behavioral Care
1620 Lady Street, Suite B
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 451-7600
Edward McDonnell Kendall
Columbia Area Mental Health
2015 Marion Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 898-0123
Deborah D. Leverette
3612 Landmark Drive, Suite B
Columbia, SC 29204
Phone: (803) 782-9280
Joshua T. Thornhill IV
USC School of Medicine
Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science
3555 Harden Street Extension, Suite 141
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 434-4300
T. Hilda White
1415 Richland Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 730-8003
Pulmonary Medicine
Richard Keith Bogan
Palmetto Baptist Medical Center-Columbia
SleepMed of South Carolina
1333 Taylor Street, Suite 6B
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 251-3093
Joseph Daniel Love
Carolina Pulmonary and Critical Care
1333 Taylor Street, Suite 4G
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 296-3273
Radiation Oncology
Raleigh James Boulware
Palmetto Health Richland
South Carolina Oncology Associates
Seven Richland Medical Park Drive,
Suite 104
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 461-3452
Radiology
Layne Richard Clemenz
Lexington Medical Center
Department of Radiology
2720 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 791-2460
Tommy E. Cupples
Women’s Care at Image Care
710 Rabon Road
Columbia, SC 29223
Phone: (803) 462-3680
Clarence S. Davis III
Lexington Medical Center
Department of Radiology
2720 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 791-2460
Mark A. Lovern
Palmetto Baptist Medical Center-Columbia
Department of Radiology
Marion Street at Taylor Street
Columbia, SC 29220
Phone: (803) 296-5060
Rheumatology
Kathleen Patricia Flint
Columbia Arthritis Center
1711 St. Julian Place
Columbia, SC 29204
Phone: (803) 779-0911
Sleep Medicine
Richard Keith Bogan
Palmetto Baptist Medical Center-Columbia
SleepMed of South Carolina
1333 Taylor Street, Suite 6B
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 251-3093
Surgery
Raymond Bynoe
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Surgery
Two Medical Park Drive, Suite 300
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-2657
Charles W. Harmon
Lexington Surgical Associates
723 South Lake Drive
Lexington, SC 29072
Phone: (803) 359-4133
C. Alden Sweatman
Surgical Associates of South Carolina
1850 Laurel Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 256-3400
Lynn M. Tucker
Lexington Surgical Associates
Medical Park One, Suite 104
2728 Sunset Boulevard
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 791-2722
Surgical Oncology
Richard M. Bell
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Surgery
Two Medical Park, Suite 306
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-2657
Urology
John O. Fairey
Columbia Urological Associates
1301 Taylor Street, Suite 1A
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 254-4591
Philip W. Kinder
Columbia Urological Associates
1301 Taylor Street, Suite 1A
Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 254-4591
Bruce H. Truesdale
Lexington Urological Associates
139 Summer Place Drive
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 796-9968
Vascular Surgery
Robert R. M. Gifford
University Specialty Clinics
Department of Surgery
Two Medical Park, Suite 306
Columbia, SC 29203
Phone: (803) 256-2657
William M. Moore, Jr.
Southern Surgical Group
146 North Hospital Drive, Suite 310
West Columbia, SC 29169
Phone: (803) 796-8901
This list is excerpted from The Best Doctors in America® 2011-2012 database, which includes over 45,000 doctors in more than 40 medical specialties. The Best Doctors in America® database is compiled and maintained by Best Doctors, Inc. For more information, visit www.bestdoctors.com, or contact Best Doctors by telephone at 800-675-1199 or by e-mail at research@bestdoctors.com. Please note that lists of doctors are not available on the Best Doctors web site. Best Doctors, Inc., has used its best efforts in assembling material for this list, but does not warrant that the information contained herein is complete or accurate, and does not assume, and hereby disclaims, any liability to any person for any loss or damage caused by errors or omissions herein, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident, or any other cause. Copyright 2011, Best Doctors, Inc. Used under license, all rights reserved. This list, or any parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without written permission from Best Doctors, Inc. No commercial use of the information in this list may be made without the permission of Best Doctors, Inc. No fees may be charged, directly or indirectly, for the use of the information in this list without permission.“Best Doctors”, “The Best Doctors in America” and the Best Doctors star-in-cross logo are registered trademarks of Best Doctors, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries, and are used under license.
